Primary Education in Spain and China: A Comparison between Development-Oriented Education and Exam-Oriented Education
Abstract
This study examines Primary Education (PE), considering it as the fundamental pillar of the educational system and highlighting that a solid initial education is crucial for the development and progress of later educational stages. It focuses on the comparative analysis between two educational models: the holistic development, represented by Spain, which promotes the balanced growth of children without excessive pressure, and the exam-centered model, seen in China, that prioritizes academic results over the student's wellbeing. This orientation has led to a situation where, despite attempts to reduce the academic burden in China, concerns about student welfare persist. Using analysis and surveys, the work highlights the deficiencies of the Chinese model in promoting holistic development and suggests improvements for primary education in China.
Keywords: Comparison; Primary Education; development-oriented education; exam-centered education; comprehensive development.
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