Physical Activity Level and Healthy Habits in Secondary School Students

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the current state of scientific evidence related to physical activity levels and healthy habits among secondary school students. The research was conducted through a qualitative systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines for the selection, organization, and analysis of the included scientific studies. The bibliographic search was carried out in specialized databases such as Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, Dialnet, Redalyc, and Google Scholar, considering publications from 2020 to 2025. As a result of the selection process, studies related to physical activity, sedentary behavior, eating habits, use of digital technologies, and school Physical Education in adolescents were analyzed. The main findings revealed a progressive decrease in physical activity levels during adolescence, accompanied by an increase in sedentary behavior and unhealthy lifestyles. Likewise, a positive relationship was identified between regular physical activity and variables such as psychological well-being, self-esteem, sleep quality, and academic performance. The reviewed studies also highlighted the influence of sociodemographic, motivational, and technological factors on adherence to active lifestyles. It was concluded that school Physical Education constitutes a fundamental space for the promotion of healthy habits; however, it is necessary to strengthen comprehensive strategies involving families, communities, and the school environment to encourage active and healthy lifestyles among adolescents.

Keywords: Physical Activity, Healthy Habits, Physical Education, Adolescence, Sedentary Lifestyle.